PROLACTINOMA - HYPERPROLACTINEMIA ♦ PHYSIOLOGY Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the lactotropic cells of the pituitary gland. Its secretion is regulated by the hypothalamus

Gynecomastia, i.e. the increase in the size of the male breast, is quite a common finding. Patients usually come because of subjective discomfort or an aesthetic problem. THE

 POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common disorder of ovarian function and the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age

Hypothyroidism is the most common disorder of thyroid function. It is usually due to some disorder of the thyroid gland, which results in reduced production &

DM is a syndrome characterized by disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins with a heterogeneous and multifactorial etiological substrate that

 Obesity is caused by excessive accumulation of fat. A positive energy balance results first in swelling (a tenfold increase in diameter) and then in the creation of new cells for storage

DEFINITION Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by low bone density and disruption of the microarchitecture of bone tissue resulting in increased fragility

"Solitary thyroid nodule" is defined as the one and only circumscribed enlargement of the thyroid gland that is palpable clinically. It is estimated that during the life o

Thyrotoxicosis is the clinical syndrome of hypermetabolism caused by elevated serum thyroid hormone levels. The term hyperthyroidism is used to indicate that the prolonged increase

Menopause, a normal biological phenomenon affecting all women, is the period of life after the last menstrual period (PM) characterized by permanent

DEFINITION INTRODUCTION The term metabolic syndrome is used to describe a complex of metabolic disorders, presupposing as their common pathological substrate, the existence of target tissue resistance

Thyroid Diet: What's the Facts? Very often I receive inquiries from patients about dietary interventions through which to treat or reverse thyroid